動詞てある

N4

動詞てある

Doushi te aru

Verb-te aru

N4

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Explication

The ～てある grammar is used to show that an action was intentionally done and its result remains. It is formed by putting a verb into its て-form and adding ある. It often describes a prepared or arranged state that still continues.

Structure

Modèle
Verb-て form + ある
Verb-て formThe verb is conjugated into its て-form.
Exemples: 開けて, 終わって, 干して, 掃除して
あるIndicates the existence of the result of the action.
Exemples: ある

Exemples

Exemple 1
窓が開けてある。
Mado ga akete aru.
The window has been opened (and remains open).
Détail
窓window
がsubject marker
開けてopen (te-form)
あるexists (result state)
Remarque: Implies someone opened the window intentionally, and it is still open.
Exemple 2
宿題がもう終わってある。
Shukudai ga mou owatte aru.
The homework has already been done (and remains that way).
Détail
宿題homework
がsubject marker
もうalready
終わってfinished (te-form)
あるexists (result state)
Remarque: Shows the homework was completed and is still in that state.
Exemple 3
洗濯物が全部干してある。
Sentakumono ga zenbu hoshite aru.
The laundry has been hung up to dry (and remains that way).
Détail
洗濯物laundry
がsubject marker
全部all
干してhang to dry (te-form)
あるexists (result state)
Remarque: Focuses on the fact that the laundry was hung up and is still hanging.
Exemple 4
この部屋はきれいに掃除してある。
Kono heya wa kirei ni souji shite aru.
This room has been cleaned (and remains clean).
Détail
このthis
部屋room
はtopic marker
きれいにcleanly
掃除してclean (te-form)
あるexists (result state)
Remarque: Emphasizes that the room was cleaned and is still in a clean state.

Grammaire Connexe

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