て形(基本)

N5

て形(基本)

te-kei (basic)

te-form basics

N5

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Erklärung

The て-form is a special verb form used to connect actions, make requests, and build many grammar patterns. It is one of the most important forms in beginner Japanese. Key points: • The て-form connects actions: 行って、食べます • It is used in requests: 〜てください • It appears in many patterns like 〜ている, 〜てもいい • The verb ending changes based on the verb group For う-verbs, the ending changes (e.g., 書く → 書いて, 読む → 読んで, 話す → 話して). For る-verbs, drop る and add て (食べる → 食べて). The irregular verbs are する → して and 来る → 来て. At N5, you do not need to memorize every rule at once. Start with common verbs and practice their て-forms. This form will show up repeatedly, so recognizing it is more important than producing it perfectly at first. A simple use is connecting two actions: “朝ご飯を食べて学校に行きます” means “I eat breakfast and go to school.” The て-form makes the first action feel like a step before the next. Once you know the て-form, you can use many other patterns, so it is worth practicing carefully.

Struktur

Muster
Verb (て-form) + Verb
Verb (て-form)First action in て-form
Beispiele: 食べて, 行って, 見て
VerbSecond action
Beispiele: 行きます, 寝ます, 勉強します

Beispiele

Beispiel 1
朝ご飯を食べて学校に行きます。
Asagohan o tabete gakkou ni ikimasu.
I eat breakfast and go to school.
Aufschlüsselung
朝ご飯breakfast
object marker
食べてeat (te-form)
学校school
destination marker
行きますgo (polite)
Hinweis: Connecting two actions
Beispiel 2
本を読んで寝ます。
Hon o yonde nemasu.
I read a book and sleep.
Aufschlüsselung
book
object marker
読んでread (te-form)
寝ますsleep (polite)
Hinweis: Te-form with う-verb
Beispiel 3
テレビを見て休みます。
Terebi o mite yasumimasu.
I watch TV and rest.
Aufschlüsselung
テレビTV
object marker
見てwatch (te-form)
休みますrest (polite)
Hinweis: Te-form with る-verb
Beispiel 4
友だちに会って話します。
Tomodachi ni atte hanashimasu.
I meet a friend and talk.
Aufschlüsselung
友だちfriend
target marker
会ってmeet (te-form)
話しますtalk (polite)
Hinweis: Te-form for meeting

Verwandte Grammatik